Thakurgaon Sadar and Debiganj upazilas on the north, Kaharole upazila on the south, Atrai river and Khansama upazila on the east, Bochaganj and Pirganj upazilas on the west.

Birganj thana was turned into an upazila in 1983. It consists of 11 union parishads, 187 mouzas and 186 villages.

Birganj Upazila is located in Dinajpur District. Upazilla(s)/Thana(s) in Dinajpur are Biral Upazila, Birampur Upazila, Birganj Upazila, Bochaganj Upazila, Chirirbandar Upazila, Dinajpur Sadar Upazila, Ghoraghat Upazila, Hakimpur Upazila, Kaharole Upazila, Khansama Upazila, Nawabganj Upazila, Parbatipur Upazila, Phulbari Upazila.